Sodium hydride CAS 7646-69-7
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Dzina la Mankhwala: Sodium hydride
CAS: 7646-69-7
MF: NaH
MW:24
EINECS:231-587-3
Malo osungunuka: 800 °C (dec.) (lit.)
kachulukidwe :1.2
Kutentha kosungirako: Sungani pansi pa +30°C.
Kusungunuka: Kusungunuka mu sodium wosungunuka. Kusungunuka mu ammonia, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide ndi zinthu zonse zachilengedwe.
Mtundu: Woyera mpaka imvi yotumbululuka.
Katundu wa Zogulitsa
Sodium hydride ndi ya ma crystals a ionic, mankhwala amchere omwe hydrogen ndi ma ion a monovalent omwe ali ndi negative. Ikatenthedwa, imakhala yosakhazikika, imawonongeka popanda kusungunuka, ndipo sodium hydride imaphwanyidwa ndi madzi kuti ipange sodium hydroxide ndi hydrogen.
Sodium hydride yoyera ndi makhiristo ofanana ndi singano yasiliva, zinthu za sodium hydride zomwe zimapezeka m'masitolo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ufa wofewa wa kristalo, gawo la sodium hydride ndi 25% mpaka 50% womwazika mu mafuta. Kuchulukana kwake ndi 0.92. Sodium hydride ndi kapangidwe ka mchere wa miyala (lattice constant a = 0.488nm), ndipo monga lithiamu hydride mu ionic crystalline, hydrogen ion imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a anion. Kutentha kwa kapangidwe ndi 69.5kJ · mol-1, kutentha kwa 800 ℃, kumawola kukhala sodium ndi hydrogen yachitsulo; kumawola mwachangu m'madzi; kumayankha mwamphamvu ndi mowa wochepa; kumasungunuka mu sodium wosungunuka ndi sodium hydroxide wosungunuka; kusasungunuka mu ammonia yamadzimadzi, benzene, carbon tetrachloride ndi carbon disulfide.
Cholimba cha imvi. Sodium hydride yeniyeni imapanga makhiristo opanda mtundu; komabe, chinthu chogulitsidwacho chili ndi zotsalira za sodium metal, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale ndi mtundu wopepuka wa imvi. Pakupanikizika kwa mpweya, sodium hydride imasintha pang'onopang'ono hydrogen pamwamba pa 300 ℃. Pa 420 ℃ kuwonongeka kumachitika mwachangu koma kusungunuka sikumachitika. Sodium hydride ndi mchere motero sisungunuka mu zosungunulira zachilengedwe zopanda madzi. Imasungunuka mu sodium hydroxide yosungunuka, mu sodium - potaziyamu alloys ndi mu zosakaniza za LiCl - KCl eutectic (352 ℃). Sodium hydride imakhala yokhazikika mumlengalenga wouma koma imayaka pamwamba pa 230 ℃, ndikuyaka kuti ipange sodium oxide. Imasungunuka mwachangu mumlengalenga wonyowa ndipo ngati ufa wouma imatha kuyaka yokha. Sodium hydride imachita mwamphamvu kwambiri ndi madzi, kutentha kwa hydrolysis kumakhala kokwanira kuyatsa hydrogen yotulutsidwa. Imachita ndi carbon dioxide kuti ipange sodium formate.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Sodium hydride ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ma condensation ndi alkylation reaction ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati polymerization catalyst, yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani onunkhira, yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga boron hydrides, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dzimbiri la pamwamba pa chitsulo, zochepetsera, zokometsera, desiccant ndi ma reagent a Clay Johnson.
Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chochepetsera kutentha, chochepetsera kutentha komanso chochepetsera kutentha, ndi zina zotero. Ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chochepetsera kutentha kwa mankhwala, zonunkhira, utoto, komanso chowumitsa, chochepetsera kutentha, ndi zina zotero.
Pa kutentha kochepa komwe kuchepetsa mphamvu ya sodium sikuli koyenera monga momwe ma ketones ndi aldehydes amakhalira ndi ma acid esters amagwiritsidwira ntchito; mu yankho lokhala ndi sodium hydroxide yosungunuka kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa oxide pazitsulo; pa kutentha kwakukulu ngati chochepetsera komanso chothandizira kuchepetsa.
Sodium hydride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mphamvu ya ma carbonyl compounds kudzera mu Dieckmann condensation, Stobbe condensation, Darzens condensation ndi Claisen condensation. Imagwira ntchito ngati chochepetsera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera diborane kuchokera ku boron trifluoride. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magalimoto amafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuumitsa zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera sulfure ylides, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ma ketone kukhala ma epoxide.
Kulongedza ndi Kusunga
Kulongedza: 100g/chitini; 500g/chitini; 1kg pa chitini; 20kg pa chitini chilichonse
Kusungira: Ikhoza kusungidwa m'zitini zachitsulo zokhala ndi chivundikiro chakunja kuti chitetezedwe, kapena m'madiramu achitsulo kuti isawonongeke ndi makina. Sungani pamalo ena, ozizira, ouma komanso opatsa mpweya wabwino, ndipo pewani chinyezi kwambiri. Nyumba ziyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso zopanda mpweya wambiri.
Zambiri zokhudza mayendedwe
Nambala ya UN: 1427
Gulu la Hazard: 4.3
Gulu Lolongedza: I
HS CODE: 28500090
Kufotokozera
| Dzina la chinthu | Sodium hydride | |
| Nambala ya CAS | 7646-69-7 | |
| Zinthu | Muyezo | Zotsatira |
| Maonekedwe | Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tolimba ta siliva imvi | Kutsatira |
| Kuyesa | ≥60% | Kutsatira |
| Kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni yogwira ntchito | ≥96% | Kutsatira |
| Mapeto | Zimagwirizana ndi Muyezo wa Makampani | |
